Topic number
3 . 2020
Editorial

Editorial

Abstract
Simulation technologies

Glossary of terms in medical education

Abstract

Medical education, like many other sectors, is full of terminology that the representatives of this field often use in different senses, without fully understanding of their meaning. As in healthcare, where clarity of understanding is the key to high-quality medical care, a solid knowledge of terminology is absolutely essential in medical education. We present to our readers the 2nd edition of the glossary and suggest that when publishing articles and documents related to medical education, you will use the terms given in the glossary.

Training General physicians in otoscopy skills applying simulator

Abstract

Training in modeling the epidemic process and knowledge of the characteristics of infectious diseases occurrence and spread are necessary for the high-quality training of modern epidemiologists.

The aim of the study was to develop an interactive pedagogical approach for simulation and modeling of a random outbreak in real time.

Material and methods. Physical modeling of a fictional "infectious disease" (Omsk mathematical fever) among students of 4th, 5th and 6th courses of the Preventive Medicine Faculty in the Omsk State Medical University was carried out using the adapted methodology of S.E. Bellan.

Results. The feature of this interactive pedagogical approach is participation of students in the simulation of an outbreak of an infectious disease, which they subsequently analyze under the guidance of a professor.

Conclusion. The successful application of this interactive approach allows to form the readiness of future epidemiologists for independent research work as well as to increase motivation to use mathematical modeling methods in future professional activities.

Training general physicians in otoscopy skills applying simulator

Abstract

In the article results of assessing the level of practical skills in performing otoscopy by General practitioners with different work experience, as well as by therapists who were trained in a cycle of professional retraining in the specialty "Family medicine" are represented.

the aim of the study was to examine the level of otoscopy skills among General practitioners depending on length of work and among therapists, trainees of the professional retraining cycle in the specialty "Family medicine", depending on specialty of faculty member who conducted the training (the General practitioner or Otolaryngologist).

Material and methods. This study was carried out by filling out a questionnaire that includes socio-demographic characteristics, and a checklist for checking the level of otoscopy proficiency on the basis of Department of family medicine of North-Western state Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. Statistical data analysis was performed using the SPSS 22.0 program (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA). 39 people took part in the study: 24 General practitioners with more than 5 years of experience and 15 therapists.

Results. Analysis of the results showed that 86.7% of therapists who were trained in otoscopy using a simulator successfully coped with the skill implementation, demonstrating correct implementation of more than 60% of the manipulation elements in accordance with the checklist points, in contrast to General practitioners, among whom only 40% achieved the same result (p<0.05).

Conclusions. 1. The assessment of the level of otoscopy proficiency showed that General practitioners with work experience demonstrated a significantly lower level of proficiency in this manipulation in comparison with therapists who were trained in otorhinolaryngology using a simulator as part of retraining program in the specialty "Family medicine". 2. For more effective mastering of otoscopy by students, a simulator can be used. 3. Training in otoscopy using a simulator can be carried out with a comparable effectiveness by both an otorhinolaryngologist and a General practitioner. 4. The developed checklist for checking the level of practical otoscopy skills can be implemented for the current assessment of mastering of the competence, as well as in the process of primary specialized accreditation.

Clinical scenarios in training of a pediatrician

Abstract

The article is devoted to interactive training of students using simulation equipment. The clinical scenarios formation is based on the «Case-based learning» methodology. The parameters and structure of the cases are described in detail. The developed checklists allow assessing technical and non-technical skills of students in individual work, in teamwork and when a student is working with a simulated patient. Particular attention is paid to detailing a clinical case with different outcomes depending on specialist's actions. Considering a specific choice or a random distribution of roles, each participant has the opportunity to prove himself as a leader, doctor, nurse or bystander. As an example, clinical scenarios are given that have been successfully implemented into practical work in teaching senior students, clinical residents and pediatricians.

Application of the uterus simulator for training obstetricians and gynecologists in surgical hemostasis skills

Abstract
The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of simulation training of obstetricians using a uterus simulator to teach skills of distal compression hemostasis and surgical hemostasis in postpartum bleeding.
Material and methods. A uterine simulator has been developed to teach surgical skills for performing surgery for placenta increta and surgical hemostasis for postpartum bleeding. Obstetricians were trained in applying hemostatic compression sutures, ligating uterine vessels, and performing distal compression hemostasis using a uterus simulator. The performance criteria of training using the simulator were to evaluate of the results of an anonymous survey and control of the level of self-assessment of the qualification capabilities of doctors.
Results. The analysis of self-assessment and questionnaires of obstetricians based on the results of trainings using the uterus simulator showed a high demand and effectiveness of the educational process. An individual approach to training each doctor allows you to work out practical skills to automatism.
Conclusion. Training techniques for performing complex practical skills using realistic simulators allows you to raise the quality of training for obstetricians to a higher level, reducing the risks for patients.

The role of simulation training during the COVID-19 pandemic: practical steps and resources on the case of a Field simulation center project International medical cluster foundation

Abstract

The article considers the practical experience of planning, implementing and analyzing the educational process in the simulation center by International medical cluster on the base of Moscow Clinical center of infectious diseases of Voronovskoye (COVID-center).

The uniqueness of the project lies in the implementation of the Simulation Center in an extremely short time (in 1 week) on the basis of a specialized COVID center with a new staff of more than 1000 employees, including medical personnel from more than 80 cities of Russia. The main activity of the simulation center by International medical cluster is the continuing professional education of medical workers on high-tech simulation equipment.

The opening of the simulation Center took place on April 17, 2020. The center continues its activities at the present time. This article presents the practical experience of planning, implementing and analyzing the educational process when creating the simulation Center in a pandemic.

Educational Technologies

Experience in applying modern technologies for training students for professional development of future doctors

Abstract

Currently, medical universities in the Russian Federation are constantly searching for the best ways and technologies for students to master practical skills, which are very much in the profession of a doctor. For the practical development of medical manipulations, first-year students used modern technologies (virtual, simulation), which required the creation of methodological documentation and a professional environment. Assessment of the effectiveness of students' mastering practical skills was carried out both during the class, and according to the results of the test class, as well as diaries of industrial practice

Methodology for constructing the trajectory of forming scientific-research competence in clinical students

Abstract

В настоящее время в медицинском образовании мировым трендом стала интеграция обучения, клинической практики и научной деятельности. В статье представлена траектория формирования научно-исследовательской компетентности обучающихся на клинических кафедрах вуза со статусом исследовательского университета. Описаны преимущества использования образовательных платформ edX, The Global Health Network с дистанционными курсами Comparative Effectiveness Research Training and Instruction (CERTaIN) и Good Clinical Practice (GCP) в качестве самостоятельной работы обучающихся под контролем преподавателя для ознакомления с международными стандартами проведения клинических исследований. Обоснована целесообразность привлечения экспертов senior Experten service по менеджменту клинических исследований для анализа эффективности планирования и выполнения научных исследований обучающихся с перспективой формирования международных исследовательских грантовых проектов.

Interactive training methods in graduate medical education (analytical review)

Abstract

In the article main interactive training methods for medical students are reflected, among them: "simulated patient" methodology, case-study method, role-playing games and debates. The experience of foreign and domestic medical universities is demonstrated. It has shown that role-playing games and debates are well received by students in the curriculum of problem education as an effective teaching methodology. Both methods are equally good at improving students' communication skills. It is necessary that these inexpensive experimental learning tools be accepted and incorporated into medical education in order to facilitate active learning, improve clinical thinking and communication skills, study real-world scenarios and provide components of both basic and clinical medical subjects of study in an effective way. In medical education, theoretical knowledge is not enough to create a better healthcare delivery system. Unidirectional flow of knowledge from lecturer to student (i.e. traditional didactic training) is no longer considered an effective method of enhancing competence to improve doctor-patient relationship. It has been shown that modern teaching methodologies that emphasize "interactivity", such as problem-based learning, role-playing games and debates, provide more effective basis for competency building in the system of health care delivery.

What does the course "Communication with patients" teach? Expert dialogue on the tasks and content of training doctors in communication skills

Abstract

The article presents the results of a sociological study of some aspects of training medical students, including their self-identification in the profession, satisfaction with the educational process. It is shown that almost half of the students (46.3%) are involved in research and their number increases as they study at the university. It was found that some students (7%) do not self-study, and among the problems that concern them, complex programs and adaptation difficulties are leaders. It was noted that respondents consider the time management to be the most demanded skill. Of concern is the fact that even in the years of study, some respondents are disappointed in their choice of profession. It is recommended that the data be taken into account when forming the variable part of the curriculum and adjusting individual career paths.

About the possibility of applying the methods of the mnemotechnique in the educational process at medical higher schools

Abstract

For stable memorizing and remaining in mind a great volume of information that is necessary for further medical activity the mnemotechnique methods can be used on educational process in medical higher schools, that is combination of methods and means making the process of memorizing easier and increasing the memory volume by creating artificial associations. Application of associative method in classes contributes to development of creative activity and logical thinking of students, improves memorizing mechanisms, enriches vocabulary.

Professional Development

Higher pharmaceutical education – specialist programme & residency: pro et contra.

Abstract

In the article prospects of higher pharmaceutical education in Russia through analysis of existing educational paths (educational programs) are discussed. It is noted that existing normative legal base determines possible reduction of pharmaceutical residency programs. As a basis for discussion acceptable educational trajectories of higher pharmaceutical education are offered. The importance of residency in the light of current professional standards for pharmacy professionals is also discussed.

Current state and prospects for integration of specialists with secondary medical education into continuing professional development system

Abstract

In the Russian Federation a system of advanced training for medical workers has historically established. It is implemented by educational organizations in form of cycles with a frequency of one time in five years. Since 2013, a project to refine the basic principles of continuing medical education was launched, in which specialists with higher medical education and (from 2019) specialists with secondary medical and pharmaceutical education were introduced in stages.

In the article the process of establishing the system of continuing medical education in the Russian Federation was analyzed. The readiness of the nursing staff of Moscow's healthcare system for professional development has been studied and factors influencing the process of integration of specialists with secondary medical education into the system of continuing professional development have been evaluated.

Physicians’ communication skills: training and attestation

Abstract

A communication skill is a tool of medical care for the modern physician. How well do postgraduate medical students have communication skills? What kind of training do postgraduate medical students need to improve their universal and job-specific skills? The study of communication skills among postgraduate medical students of the second year of study was conducted in February 2020 at the Department of medical pedagogy, philosophy and foreign languages of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education and the Department of age psychology of the Moscow State Pedagogical University. In addition, a training aimed at universal communication skill-building, mastering of acquaintance techniques, active listening skills, positive rephrasing, training in structured information gathering capabilities was conducted.

Experience

Medical schools in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: new challenges and lessons learned

Abstract

The article is devoted to the problems that the medical university faced during the COVID-19 pandemic. These include the need: to ensure the safety and health of students and staff, to continue at a high level of distance learning, to create programs dedicated to COVID-19 and respiratory support for patients by doctors and educate doctors, the organization of volunteer teams and preventing the spread of fake news. Urgent measures taken by a medical university during a pandemic are outlined. As the lessons learned, the importance of eliminating the shortage of doctors, creating algorithms for action in case of emergency, the construction of block-type dormitories, the availability of supplies of medicines and personal protective equipment was noted.

Ethical and deontological education and professional development of medical students: aspects of the problem

Abstract

In the article a number of ethical and deontological aspects of modern model of physician training and work is formulated. Ethization and humanization of consciousness and professional activity are necessary conditions for medical education. The aim of ethical and deontological education is formation of medical professional who has mastered humanitarian reasons of the profession and is well versed in sociocultural and axiological contexts of his activities. Cultivate conscience means not only to protect future doctor from emotional burnout syndrome, but also teaching him self-scrutiny, empathy, sympathy, compassion for the patient's needs and state of mind, in-depth insight of the internal picture of the disease.

Assessing the educational environment in pursuing a bachelor's degree in «nursing» by using Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM).

Abstract

Training of health personnel requires an optimal educational environment for students to master high-level competencies and to train highly skilled health professionals. International experience has shown the relevance of the DREEM (Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure) tool, developed in 1997 at the University of Dundee for the assessment of the educational environment. In the article the experience of adapting the Russian-language version of the DREEM tool and the results of assessing the educational environment of bachelors in «nursing» are represented.

Results of studying some aspects of the educational process at the medical university.

Abstract

The article presents the results of a sociological study of some aspects of training medical students, including their self-identification in the profession, satisfaction with the educational process. It is shown that almost half of the students (46.3%) are involved in research and their number increases as they study at the university. It was found that some students (7%) do not self-study, and among the problems that concern them, complex programs and adaptation difficulties are leaders. It was noted that respondents consider the time management to be the most demanded skill. Of concern is the fact that even in the years of study, some respondents are disappointed in their choice of profession. It is recommended that the data be taken into account when forming the variable part of the curriculum and adjusting individual career paths.

Announcements

Announcements (# 3, 2020)

Abstract

All articles in our journal are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0 license)

CHIEF EDITOR
CHIEF EDITOR
Balkizov Zalim Zamirovich
Secretary General of the Russian Society of Medical Education Specialists, Director of the Institute of Training of Medical Education Specialists of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, 125993, Moscow, Russian Federation, Professor of the Department of Vocational Education and Educational Technologies of the N.I. Pirogov RNIMU of the MOH of Russia, CEO of GEOTAR-Med, Advisor President of the National Medical Chamber, Moscow, Russian Federation

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