Topic number
4 . 2019
Editorial

Editorial

Abstract
Educational Technologies

How to measure the quality of the OSCE: a review of metrics (translation into Russian edited by Alekseeva A.Yu.)

Abstract

With an increasing use of criterion based assessment techniques in both undergraduate and postgraduate healthcare programmes, there is a consequent need to ensure the quality and rigour of these assessments. The obvious question for those responsible for delivering assessment is how is this ‘quality' measured, and what mechanisms might there be that allow improvements in assessment quality over time to be demonstrated? Whilst a small base of literature exists, few papers give more than one or two metrics as measures of quality in Objective structured Clinical Examinations (OsCEs).

In this guide, aimed at assessment practitioners, the authors aim to review the metrics that are available for measuring quality and indicate how a rounded picture of OsCE assessment quality may be constructed by using a variety of such measures, and also to consider which characteristics of the OsCE are appropriately judged by which measure(s). The authors will discuss the quality issues both at the individual station level and across the complete clinical assessment as a whole, using a series of ‘worked examples' drawn from OsCE data sets from the authors' institution.

Technologies of vocational guidance and occupational selection in graduate medical education organizations in Russia and abroad

Abstract

In the article the issues of professional orientation of applicants are considered and a comparative analysis of selection procedures for applicants planning graduate medical education organizations entrance in Russia and abroad is provided. Strengths and weaknesses of organization of the training system for entering medical universities in different countries are highlighted. The experience of using professional tests in competitive selection of applicants on the example of Stavropol State Medical University is given. First-year students were tested in the disciplines of "biology" and "chemistry". Test results evaluation showed an increase in the percentage of correct answers after introduction of professional tests in the procedure of admission to the Stavropol State Medical University in 2015. The obtained data are indicative of usefulness of conducting professional tests for admission to medical universities in Russia.

Comparative evaluation of methodological approaches in assessing the readiness of medical graduates to independent activity

Abstract

In the presented material the problem of evaluation of practical skills of graduates as the main criterion of readiness for independent activity is considered. The comparative characteristic of two similar examinations held in medical universities of the Russian Federation (Kazan State Medical University) and the USA (Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine) is carried out. It is proposed to use the examination methodology "standardized patient" to improve the objectivity of the exam results of primary accreditation of specialists.

Information and communication technologies in medical education

Abstract

The aim of the work was to describe the implementation models of segments of national projects “Healthcare Service” and “Education” in terms of competency-based approach in medical education (usage of modern communication, information and remote technologies in medical education and practical healthcare], as well as highlighting controversial issues of the problem of deformation of human resource in digital education.

Methods. Theoretical and methodological analysis of publication activities in the informational search system eLIBRARY.RU on research issues was performed.

Results. The moduses of considering the interaction between informatics and medicine are highlighted. Theses of consideration of this issue are indicated both in framework of medical education and in practical healthcare. First of them is about dominant direction of growth of the online education industry and formation of the accessible environment at the present stage of the development of education informatization. The second is about impossibility of medical education development at the present time without the Big Data system. The third and fourth are about special actuality in the field of medical education, distance technologies usage, e-learning and simulation training, their perspectives and limitations.

Mandatory health insurance and priority projects of healthcare system as topical questions of teaching the discipline “public health and health care” at medical universities of the Russian Federation

Abstract

Public health; disease prevention; optimal organization of the system of health promotion, protection and restoration; sustainability; quality of medical care; planning, financing and management bases in healthcare system - are all core issues of the discipline that are currently being studied by students in the departments of public health and health care. Significant public health deterioration urges us to teach future doctors not only analysis and evaluation of public health, but also search for rational ways to improve the quality of medical care, and ways to improve measures of health promotion, protection and restoration of both population as a whole and its individual groups. All of this set problems of improving teaching of the above questions to future doctors and nursing managers. In the article features of teaching future doctors the discipline "Health Care Organization and Public Health" are analyzed. Necessity for in-depth study of modern priority projects of healthcare system, mandatory health insurance, management and healthcare economics is shown.

Professional Development

Implementation of new approaches in preparation of bachelors of nursing: transition to the level of masters “Management of nursing activities”

Abstract

The introduction of multi-level bachelor-master training in Russian education also affected the training of personnel for the health care system: the specialists in "Nursing" specialty was replaced by a bachelors' degree, and bachelors' training was introduced in 2011, but there was no master's level. The article presents the first experience of implementation in the educational trajectory bachelors in "Nursing" model of training masters in profile "Management of nursing activities", the main stages of development of Federal state educational standard for a new level of education and the first results of the demand for such personnel for educational organizations in the field of medicine and practical health care.

Analysis of heads of medical organizations and medical stuff opinions on emergency medical care organization

Abstract

Among conditions affecting the emergency medical care development at the regional Level are competence of officials of medical organizations and Level of knowledge of emergency medical care public officials regarding the organization of emergency primary health care. A survey of the heads of medical organizations and emergency medical care public officials regarding the organization of emergency medical care was conducted. Analysis of responses to survey revealed insufficient level of knowledge about fundamental principles of emergency medical care organization and conditions affecting its development, including staff shortage and inefficient way of payment. Identified issues are indicative of the continued need for in depth study of emergency medical care organization in the training of health workers for additional training programs in traditional form and in continuing medical education system. The identified conditions affecting the emergency primary medical care structural divisions development should be taken into account in development of measures to improve emergency medical care.

Optimization of life goals setting methods during future doctors training in the specialty “medical and preventative care”

Abstract

Effectiveness of future doctors activity largely depends on their ability to set and achieve life goals. To improve the future specialists' goal-setting skills in the field of medical and preventative care, following methods were used: questionnaire-based survey; monographical, analytical and logical methods. Trial recruitment of 55 graduate students of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University] as respondents and comprehensive generalization of the experience of the Department of Public Health and Healthcare named after N.A. Semashko made it possible to establish that training of medical professionals in goal-setting is an important direction in optimization of their professional training. Among surveyed students, proportion of people with high level of singlemindedness was 9.09%, with an average level of singlemindedness - 58.18%, and with low level of singlemindedness - 32.73%. It was found that among the respondents who do not know the methods of goal-setting, 83.64% tend to master them. The tasks of mastering the methodology of life goal forming and its achievement should be reflected in the Federal State Educational Standards of higher education and occupational standards of medical professionals. Training of future doctors in goal-setting can be carried out in the format of training in the system of their career-guidance and in the process of studying the discipline Public Health and Healthcare.

Experience

Biopharmaceutical research of solid formulations in the educational process using interactive learning methods

Abstract

In the article "Biopharmacy" discipline teaching methodology at the pharmaceutical faculty of the Tyumen State Medical University using interactive learning methods (small group training, process simulation and simulated clinical situations, project-based learning) is represented. Since the purpose of "Biopharmacy" discipline training consists in formation of theoretical knowledge among students in the field of biopharmaceutical researches and ability of their real-world application, it is proposed to use research project development instead of traditional forms of practical training. That would allow to provide high-quality education by integration of scientific researches and educational process into practice activities. Project development includes 5 stages: preparation, planning, investigation, preparation and presentation of the project, reflection. Nitrofural drug (tablets 0.02 g) was used as an object for setting the model experiment which was tested in vitro by a "Comparative dissolution kinetics test" during the educational process. To conduct an experiment in training conditions equipment for pharmaceutical analysis of solid formulations (Rotating Basket apparatus, friabilator, Reciprocating Basket apparatus, Hardness Tester, etc.) and dialysis medium (purified water) for potency assay in a dialysis medium (photoelectric colorimeter or spectrophotometer) were used.

As a result of the transition from traditional classroom studies to interactive program modes in the course of project work students receive: knowledge on the basis of biopharmaceutics; an idea of pharmaceutical factors and their impact on efficacy; and they acquire knowledge, competence and experience in the field of methods and devices that are used for biopharmaceutical researches. Also the ability to independently integrate previously acquired knowledge in various disciplines into practice activities which are aimed at solving professional problems, as well as the skills of initialization and development of research projects, are being formed.

Ethical implications of health development concept, physicians training and working

Abstract
In the article a number of ethical implications of current health sector development model, physicians training and working are formulated. The description of such a model is given on the basis of long experience of the A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry departments. Necessity for developing spiritual and moral competence, reflexive position, tenderness, compassion, readiness to self-study and self-education among medical students is revealed. It is useful for a medical student to learn to put himself in the place of medical practitioner and thus prepare to communicate with a patient who has a difficult choice and have to make a serious decision.

The new index of health-preserving behavior of students

Abstract

The aim of the study was to correlate a wide range of factors affecting health behavior with their total score and comorbidity index to justify a new index of health-preserving behavior.

Material and methods. In the period from November 1, 2017 to December 1, 2018 the randomized blind gender-stratified study was conducted on the basis of the Far Eastern Federal University and the Vladivostok state Medical University. The sample size was 934 students of both sexes, of which 448 (47.9%) studied in elementary courses and 486 (52.1%) were graduating students. The average response frequency was 92.9%. All students filled out self Assessment Questionnaires for students (Pozdeeva, 2008; with the authors' additions). An objective health condition and a comorbidity index were assessed according to the medical records of student health care facilities (forms 025/у; 001-1/у; 062/у). When comparing values in subgroups, a confidence interval of ±5% was considered sufficient to determine significant differences. The two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used in statistical processing of data arrays. The correlation of indicators was determined with the calculation of Spearman correlation coefficient. When working with the obtained material, the software package Statistica 6.0 was used.

Result. In the course of the study, a wide range of vulnerabilities was identified that affect the students' health-preserving behavior. The indicators were evaluated on a 5-point scale. Students evaluated the following parameters: living conditions [1.7 (0.3) points], access to health care [1.7 (0.6)], personal income [2.2 (0.7)], transport accessibility of the university [1.7 (0.6)], comfort of learning space (0.9—1.1). It was found that students show mild interest in health information [2.5 (1.7)], negatively assess their daily regimen [1.9 (0.7)], note lack of night sleep and leisure time [0.7 (0.5)]. Most students were not committed to physical education and sport [2.2 (0.5)], hardly participated in public discussions of healthy lifestyle formation [2.2 (0.5)], rarely seek medical advice, even when it was necessary [2.3 (1.4)]. Analysis of correlation dependence between individual factors that characterize students' health-preserving behavior, total score, and comorbidity index, allowed us to identify 21 parameters that had at least an average and high level of correlation with both composite indicators. It served as the basis for inclusion of these factors in the Index of students' health-preserving behavior.

Conclusion. Most students (95%) assessed their health behavior, according to the proposed index of health-preserving behavior, at 61.1-80.7 points, with the maximum possible value of 105 points. Further investigation is needed on the criterion and discriminant validity of the proposed index of health-preserving behavior. Nevertheless, preliminary data allow us to speak with self-conscious optimism of its high constructive validity and efficiency in comprehensive assessment of students' health-preserving behavior.

About a new direction of pharmacists' training at the Tyumen State Medical University for work in dispensaries of veterinary medicine

Abstract

Current trends in development of pharmaceutical education in the Russian Federation are aimed at expanding the opportunities for implementation of future specialists in various types of activities. Core aspect of the pharmaceutical graduate activity is sphere of circulation of medicines, which includes not only circulation of human medicinal products, but also medicinal products for veterinary use. The issue of including in the nomenclature of pharmaceutical specialist positions the position of "pharmacist of the dispensaries of veterinary medicine" has been repeatedly discussed in the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Basic training of such specialists, concretization of their specific competencies, development of tasks, labor functions and further implementation in practice would help to minimize the whole range of violations that are currently detected in these organizations during conducting monitoring activities. For this purpose, an educational and methodological complex of a new discipline "Features of dispensaries of veterinary medicine activities" was developed to prepare pharmaceutical faculty students for professional activities in the field of circulation of medicinal products for veterinary use.

Selected abstracts of the X international forum ROSMEDOBR-2019 "Innovative teaching technologies in medicine" (2–5th October 2019, St. Petersburg)

Selected abstracts of the X international forum ROSMEDOBR-2019 "Innovative teaching technologies in medicine" (2–5th October 2019, St. Petersburg)

Abstract
News

News(# 4, 2019)

Abstract
Announcements

Announcements (# 4, 2019)

Abstract

All articles in our journal are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0 license)

CHIEF EDITOR
CHIEF EDITOR
Balkizov Zalim Zamirovich
Secretary General of the Russian Society of Medical Education Specialists, Director of the Institute of Training of Medical Education Specialists of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, 125993, Moscow, Russian Federation, Professor of the Department of Vocational Education and Educational Technologies of the N.I. Pirogov RNIMU of the MOH of Russia, CEO of GEOTAR-Med, Advisor President of the National Medical Chamber, Moscow, Russian Federation

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